@BenTzionMacales: Iran’s Ballistic Missile force...
@BenTzionMacales
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May 05, 2026
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Iran’s Ballistic Missile force in light of Operation "Epic Fury/Roaring Lion" - a mega Thread 🧵
The “Epic Fury/Roaring Lion” operation, which began on February 28, resulted in numerous achievements in the campaign against Iran. These included damage to the Iranian economy through strikes on petrochemical facilities and steel production factories, as well as the degradation of air defense and command-and-control capabilities. The achievements include two of the central objectives of the operation: pushing the Iranian nuclear program back by several years and heavily damage the ballistic missile program.
This review will focus on the damage to the ballistic missile array during the period between February 28 and April 8 (when the ceasefire came into effect).
The Iranian missile program consists of manufacturing facilities and deployed missile units.
The production array is managed primarily by the Ministry of Defense (MODAFL), and to a lesser extent by the IRGC. It is distributed across several military-industrial complexes in Khojir, Parchin, Shahroud, and others. The production process includes facilities responsible for the production of explosive material, warheads, the cylindrical missile body, engines, engine fuel (liquid or solid), and finally an assembly plant where all components are integrated.
The operational component is operated exclusively by the IRGC Aerospace Force and comprises regional command headquarters, secondary bases, brigade-level bases, and adapted facilities across Iran. Each base primarily serves for the storage of missiles and mobile launchers, along with supporting components such as command units, fueling systems, and fixed launchers. Given the strategic nature of these weapons, most bases incorporate underground infrastructure designed to store missiles and launchers and protect them from aerial strikes. In addition, many bases include dedicated facilities for fueling and testing missiles prior to deployment. Once deployed, launchers may be positioned in open areas within bases, in open terrain, or concealed within adapted structures throughout the country.
The IDF Spokesperson published a summary of the operation on April 17, stating that the strikes rendered approximately 60% (several hundred) of ballistic missile launchers inoperable. The strikes also included bombing of infrastructure belonging to the operational units deployed across Iran, with Israel focusing on bases in the center and west of the country, and the United States focusing on bases in the south aimed at the Gulf states. The bombings were carried out, among other means, using American strategic bombers that dropped large quantities of munitions on underground infrastructure.
The strikes led to a reduction in the volume of fire toward Israel and toward Gulf states throughout the operation. The reduction in the volume of fire continued until mid-March, and afterward the Iranians began increasing the rate of fire, in parallel with the restoration of command-and-control systems that had been significantly damaged in the opening strike of the operation.
n addition, many missile production lines within military industrial complexes were damaged, and the “Epic Fury/Roaring Lion” operation has created a situation in which the IRGC Aerospace Force is not expected to receive new missiles for at least the coming year.
Below, I'll review of the extent of the damage in facilities and bases across Iran, including Sentinel-2 satellite documentation:
The “Epic Fury/Roaring Lion” operation, which began on February 28, resulted in numerous achievements in the campaign against Iran. These included damage to the Iranian economy through strikes on petrochemical facilities and steel production factories, as well as the degradation of air defense and command-and-control capabilities. The achievements include two of the central objectives of the operation: pushing the Iranian nuclear program back by several years and heavily damage the ballistic missile program.
This review will focus on the damage to the ballistic missile array during the period between February 28 and April 8 (when the ceasefire came into effect).
The Iranian missile program consists of manufacturing facilities and deployed missile units.
The production array is managed primarily by the Ministry of Defense (MODAFL), and to a lesser extent by the IRGC. It is distributed across several military-industrial complexes in Khojir, Parchin, Shahroud, and others. The production process includes facilities responsible for the production of explosive material, warheads, the cylindrical missile body, engines, engine fuel (liquid or solid), and finally an assembly plant where all components are integrated.
The operational component is operated exclusively by the IRGC Aerospace Force and comprises regional command headquarters, secondary bases, brigade-level bases, and adapted facilities across Iran. Each base primarily serves for the storage of missiles and mobile launchers, along with supporting components such as command units, fueling systems, and fixed launchers. Given the strategic nature of these weapons, most bases incorporate underground infrastructure designed to store missiles and launchers and protect them from aerial strikes. In addition, many bases include dedicated facilities for fueling and testing missiles prior to deployment. Once deployed, launchers may be positioned in open areas within bases, in open terrain, or concealed within adapted structures throughout the country.
The IDF Spokesperson published a summary of the operation on April 17, stating that the strikes rendered approximately 60% (several hundred) of ballistic missile launchers inoperable. The strikes also included bombing of infrastructure belonging to the operational units deployed across Iran, with Israel focusing on bases in the center and west of the country, and the United States focusing on bases in the south aimed at the Gulf states. The bombings were carried out, among other means, using American strategic bombers that dropped large quantities of munitions on underground infrastructure.
The strikes led to a reduction in the volume of fire toward Israel and toward Gulf states throughout the operation. The reduction in the volume of fire continued until mid-March, and afterward the Iranians began increasing the rate of fire, in parallel with the restoration of command-and-control systems that had been significantly damaged in the opening strike of the operation.
n addition, many missile production lines within military industrial complexes were damaged, and the “Epic Fury/Roaring Lion” operation has created a situation in which the IRGC Aerospace Force is not expected to receive new missiles for at least the coming year.
Below, I'll review of the extent of the damage in facilities and bases across Iran, including Sentinel-2 satellite documentation:
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First we'll start with the operational unit bases:
1. Tabriz North Missile Base
One of the largest missile bases in Iran. Its location in northwestern Iran constituted a significant threat due to its relative proximity to Israel. Accordingly, it was one of the first targets struck during the war.
At the base, two fortified tunnel complexes were excavated for storing launchers and missiles.
Surface infrastructure sustained heavy damage during the “Rising Lion” operation (June 2025), followed by partial Iranian restoration efforts.
As of today, most of the base’s infrastructure has been struck including administrative structures, storage buildings, and collapsed tunnel entrances.
1. Tabriz North Missile Base
One of the largest missile bases in Iran. Its location in northwestern Iran constituted a significant threat due to its relative proximity to Israel. Accordingly, it was one of the first targets struck during the war.
At the base, two fortified tunnel complexes were excavated for storing launchers and missiles.
Surface infrastructure sustained heavy damage during the “Rising Lion” operation (June 2025), followed by partial Iranian restoration efforts.
As of today, most of the base’s infrastructure has been struck including administrative structures, storage buildings, and collapsed tunnel entrances.
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2. Tabriz South Missile Base
The central missile checkout structure was destroyed already during opersation “Rising Lion”. In addition, the base includes a storage tunnel and two fixed silo launchers.
All surface infrastructure was struck, and the tunnel entrances were collapsed.
The central missile checkout structure was destroyed already during opersation “Rising Lion”. In addition, the base includes a storage tunnel and two fixed silo launchers.
All surface infrastructure was struck, and the tunnel entrances were collapsed.
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3. Zanjan Missile Base
The base includes bunkers for protecting mobile launchers and administrative structures. The missile checkout structure was destroyed in June 2025.
All base infrastructures were struck, especially in the administrative area, and bunker entrances were damaged.
The base includes bunkers for protecting mobile launchers and administrative structures. The missile checkout structure was destroyed in June 2025.
All base infrastructures were struck, especially in the administrative area, and bunker entrances were damaged.
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4. Abhar Missile Base
A small missile base with several components that had already been struck in the past, including missile testing and storage hangars.
Near the base, a new storage tunnel is currently under excavations.
As of today, strikes have been identified on two components at the base, including an additional missile checkout structure, and stikes by the entrances of the tunnel
A small missile base with several components that had already been struck in the past, including missile testing and storage hangars.
Near the base, a new storage tunnel is currently under excavations.
As of today, strikes have been identified on two components at the base, including an additional missile checkout structure, and stikes by the entrances of the tunnel
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5. Kangavar Missile Base
All surface infrastructure was destroyed in June 2025, and no reconstruction has been carried out since. Near the base, a new storage tunnel was constructed in which most of the recent base’s activity took place.
The tunnel entrances were struck and collapsed, and supporting components of the tunnel were destroyed.
All surface infrastructure was destroyed in June 2025, and no reconstruction has been carried out since. Near the base, a new storage tunnel was constructed in which most of the recent base’s activity took place.
The tunnel entrances were struck and collapsed, and supporting components of the tunnel were destroyed.
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6. Kamicheh Missile Base
A base in which most of its surface infrastructure was destroyed back in June 2025, and it also includes a missile storage tunnel with two entrances.
Currently, the remaining administrative surface components have been destroyed, and attempts were made to collapse both entrances.
A base in which most of its surface infrastructure was destroyed back in June 2025, and it also includes a missile storage tunnel with two entrances.
Currently, the remaining administrative surface components have been destroyed, and attempts were made to collapse both entrances.
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7. Kermanshah North Missile Base
A large military complex that includes four entrances of one large tunnel or two separate adjacent tunnels under the same ridge.
All surface infrastructure in the complex was destroyed, and tunnel entrances were collapsed, and their access routes were also disrupted.
A large military complex that includes four entrances of one large tunnel or two separate adjacent tunnels under the same ridge.
All surface infrastructure in the complex was destroyed, and tunnel entrances were collapsed, and their access routes were also disrupted.
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8. Kermanshah Missile Base
One of the largest missile bases in Iran and the central headquarters of the Kermanshah region. The base was significantly damaged during operation “Rising Lion.” During reconstruction, new missile checkout structures were built, and underground complexes were expanded.
Currently, several above-ground components were struck, including those Missile checkout structures and weapons bunkers, along with attempts to collapse tunnel entrances.
One of the largest missile bases in Iran and the central headquarters of the Kermanshah region. The base was significantly damaged during operation “Rising Lion.” During reconstruction, new missile checkout structures were built, and underground complexes were expanded.
Currently, several above-ground components were struck, including those Missile checkout structures and weapons bunkers, along with attempts to collapse tunnel entrances.
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9. Borujerd Missile Base
A relatively small base with a Missile checkout structure and fixed launcher infrastructure already damaged during operation “Rising Lion.”
At present, the Missile checkout structure, a missile testing structure, and the base gate were struck and destroyed.
A relatively small base with a Missile checkout structure and fixed launcher infrastructure already damaged during operation “Rising Lion.”
At present, the Missile checkout structure, a missile testing structure, and the base gate were struck and destroyed.
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10. Khorramabad Missile Base
One of the largest bases in western Iran, located within Imam Ali Camp. It consists of multiple tunnel complexes:
A. A large northwestern tunnel with three entrances
B. A southern launch tunnel enabling silo missile launches
C. A northeastern tunnel under construction
D. Another nearby tunnel with a single entrance
All underground infrastructure was struck, with attempts to collapse entrances and block access. Supporting above-ground structures were also destroyed.
One of the largest bases in western Iran, located within Imam Ali Camp. It consists of multiple tunnel complexes:
A. A large northwestern tunnel with three entrances
B. A southern launch tunnel enabling silo missile launches
C. A northeastern tunnel under construction
D. Another nearby tunnel with a single entrance
All underground infrastructure was struck, with attempts to collapse entrances and block access. Supporting above-ground structures were also destroyed.
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11. Dezful Missile Base
A base consisting of two underground complexes. The northern complex has three entrances, and the southern complex has two entrances.
All entrances were struck and collapsed, and all above-ground infrastructure of the base was destroyed, including the Missile checkout structure.
A base consisting of two underground complexes. The northern complex has three entrances, and the southern complex has two entrances.
All entrances were struck and collapsed, and all above-ground infrastructure of the base was destroyed, including the Missile checkout structure.
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12. Abyek Missile Base
A new base primarily composed of a massive tunnel whose construction has not yet been completed, featuring five entrances.
The collapse of the westernmost entrance has been identified, along with damage to above-ground support structures near the base gate.
A new base primarily composed of a massive tunnel whose construction has not yet been completed, featuring five entrances.
The collapse of the westernmost entrance has been identified, along with damage to above-ground support structures near the base gate.
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13. Eshtehard Missile Base
A small missile base west of Tehran with a storage tunnel featuring two entrances. The above-ground infrastructure, including the Missile checkout building, was destroyed during operation “Rising Lion,” with only minimal restoration since.
Currently, tunnel entrances were struck, along with strikes on mobile components across the base.
A small missile base west of Tehran with a storage tunnel featuring two entrances. The above-ground infrastructure, including the Missile checkout building, was destroyed during operation “Rising Lion,” with only minimal restoration since.
Currently, tunnel entrances were struck, along with strikes on mobile components across the base.
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14. Bidganeh Missile Base
A main missile base west of Tehran. It includes several Missile checkout structures that had been restored since the previous operation, as well as a storage tunnel.
All structures were struck again, and attempts were made to collapse the tunnel entrances.
A main missile base west of Tehran. It includes several Missile checkout structures that had been restored since the previous operation, as well as a storage tunnel.
All structures were struck again, and attempts were made to collapse the tunnel entrances.
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15. Damavand Missile Base
A base east of Tehran with several recently constructed above-ground components, alongside a large tunnel with three entrances and a newly excavated eastern fourth entrance.
Multiple attempts were made to collapse the entrances, and many above-ground components were struck and damaged.
A base east of Tehran with several recently constructed above-ground components, alongside a large tunnel with three entrances and a newly excavated eastern fourth entrance.
Multiple attempts were made to collapse the entrances, and many above-ground components were struck and damaged.
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16. Qom Missile Base
This missile base is located within a large military complex between Tehran and Qom, serving as a logistics and weapons storage hub for the Iranian military and the IRGC. The missile base had previously been struck and has recently been restored.
Currently, several administrative structures were struck, the Missile checkout structure was flattened, and tunnel entrances were collapsed.
This missile base is located within a large military complex between Tehran and Qom, serving as a logistics and weapons storage hub for the Iranian military and the IRGC. The missile base had previously been struck and has recently been restored.
Currently, several administrative structures were struck, the Missile checkout structure was flattened, and tunnel entrances were collapsed.
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17. Kashan Missile Base
A relatively small base with one Missile checkout structure, two fortified tunnel entrances with high defensive embankments, and three additional unconnected tunnel entrances.
The Missile checkout structure was significantly damaged, tunnel entrances were collapsed, and mobile components were destroyed.
A relatively small base with one Missile checkout structure, two fortified tunnel entrances with high defensive embankments, and three additional unconnected tunnel entrances.
The Missile checkout structure was significantly damaged, tunnel entrances were collapsed, and mobile components were destroyed.
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18. Khomeyn Missile Base
A large base that was significantly damaged in June 2025 and has been undergoing restoration since. Approximately 5 kilometers south of the base is a large storage tunnel.
The overwhelming majority of above-ground components in both the central base area and the tunnel area were destroyed, and tunnel entrances were collapsed.
A large base that was significantly damaged in June 2025 and has been undergoing restoration since. Approximately 5 kilometers south of the base is a large storage tunnel.
The overwhelming majority of above-ground components in both the central base area and the tunnel area were destroyed, and tunnel entrances were collapsed.
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19. Najafabad Missile Base
A large base in central Iran near Esfahan, located within "101 Anbiya" military compound. It consists of numerous underground complexes and Missile checkout structures. It was significantly damaged in the past during operation “Rising Lion” and has been undergoing restoration.
Currently, many above-ground components across the base were struck and destroyed. Additionally, many tunnel entrances used for missile storage were struck and collapsed.
A large base in central Iran near Esfahan, located within "101 Anbiya" military compound. It consists of numerous underground complexes and Missile checkout structures. It was significantly damaged in the past during operation “Rising Lion” and has been undergoing restoration.
Currently, many above-ground components across the base were struck and destroyed. Additionally, many tunnel entrances used for missile storage were struck and collapsed.
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20. Baharestan Missile Base
A base in the Esfahan region that was largely damaged in June 2025 and includes several fortified tunnel entrances. The above-ground infrastructure has not yet been restored.
Currently, attempts were made to collapse the entrances, and at least one mobile launcher was destroyed on-site.
A base in the Esfahan region that was largely damaged in June 2025 and includes several fortified tunnel entrances. The above-ground infrastructure has not yet been restored.
Currently, attempts were made to collapse the entrances, and at least one mobile launcher was destroyed on-site.
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21. Mobarakeh Missile Base
A base with a large tunnel featuring a visible southern entrance, a northern entrance, and a newly excavated eastern entrance. Most of the base was struck in June 2025 and has been undergoing restoration.
Currently, tunnel entrances were collapsed, and all above-ground infrastructure was damaged. There's a possibility that several mobile launchers were likely destroyed on-site.
A base with a large tunnel featuring a visible southern entrance, a northern entrance, and a newly excavated eastern entrance. Most of the base was struck in June 2025 and has been undergoing restoration.
Currently, tunnel entrances were collapsed, and all above-ground infrastructure was damaged. There's a possibility that several mobile launchers were likely destroyed on-site.
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22. Yazd Missile Base
A base located deep within Iran under the "Imam Hussein" command. The base includes administrative structures and three tunnel entrances. A launch preparation structure had previously been struck.
Tunnel entrances were repeatedly struck and collapsed throughout the operation due to continuous missile launches from this location, given its strategic position in central Iran.
A base located deep within Iran under the "Imam Hussein" command. The base includes administrative structures and three tunnel entrances. A launch preparation structure had previously been struck.
Tunnel entrances were repeatedly struck and collapsed throughout the operation due to continuous missile launches from this location, given its strategic position in central Iran.
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23. Shiraz North Missile Base
A base containing all relevant missile infrastructure, including command HQ, tunnels, and missile checkout buildings that have not been restored since operation "Rising Lion".
Administrative above-ground infrastructures were struck, and tunnel entrances collapsed
A base containing all relevant missile infrastructure, including command HQ, tunnels, and missile checkout buildings that have not been restored since operation "Rising Lion".
Administrative above-ground infrastructures were struck, and tunnel entrances collapsed
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24. Shiraz South Missile Base
A base primarily composed of numerous tunnel entrances and fortified fixed launchers carved into the ridge. A missile testing structure was destroyed back in June 2025.
Above-ground infrastructure was struck and destroyed, and multiple entrances were damaged and collapsed. This includes the fortified fixed launchers.
A base primarily composed of numerous tunnel entrances and fortified fixed launchers carved into the ridge. A missile testing structure was destroyed back in June 2025.
Above-ground infrastructure was struck and destroyed, and multiple entrances were damaged and collapsed. This includes the fortified fixed launchers.
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25. Khormoj Missile Base
A new base in the Bushehr region divided into two underground complexes. The northern complex includes four entrances and nine fortified launch openings, while the southern complex includes two entrances.
All entrances were struck and collapsed, the Missile checkout structure was destroyed, and at least one mobile launcher that was destroyed on-site.
A new base in the Bushehr region divided into two underground complexes. The northern complex includes four entrances and nine fortified launch openings, while the southern complex includes two entrances.
All entrances were struck and collapsed, the Missile checkout structure was destroyed, and at least one mobile launcher that was destroyed on-site.
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26. Jam Missile Base
Located in southern Iran, consisting of two underground complexes, one with two missile launch silos and the other a storage tunnel with two entrances.
Tunnel entrances were collapsed, the Missile checkout structure was destroyed, and administrative buildings were bombed. There are no indications that the silos were damaged.
Located in southern Iran, consisting of two underground complexes, one with two missile launch silos and the other a storage tunnel with two entrances.
Tunnel entrances were collapsed, the Missile checkout structure was destroyed, and administrative buildings were bombed. There are no indications that the silos were damaged.
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27. Jahrom Missile Base
Following numerous reports regarding the presence of a missile base in the Jahrom area in southern Iran, two structures were identified that could serve the ballistic missile unit. Ultimately, both structures were struck and destroyed.
Following numerous reports regarding the presence of a missile base in the Jahrom area in southern Iran, two structures were identified that could serve the ballistic missile unit. Ultimately, both structures were struck and destroyed.
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28. Lar Missile Base
An HQ command base in southern Iran, with a large underground facility with several entrances, numerous administrative buildings, and Missile checkout structures. Additionally, five fortified launch openings were constructed in the western section.
Many above-ground components were damaged, covered tunnel entrances were struck, and Missile checkout structures were bombed.
An HQ command base in southern Iran, with a large underground facility with several entrances, numerous administrative buildings, and Missile checkout structures. Additionally, five fortified launch openings were constructed in the western section.
Many above-ground components were damaged, covered tunnel entrances were struck, and Missile checkout structures were bombed.
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29. Darab Missile Base
A small base in southern Iran with a single tunnel with two entrances, a missile testing structure, and additional above-ground components.
The tunnel was struck multiple times, the missile testing structure was damaged, and additional structures at the base entrance were bombed.
A small base in southern Iran with a single tunnel with two entrances, a missile testing structure, and additional above-ground components.
The tunnel was struck multiple times, the missile testing structure was damaged, and additional structures at the base entrance were bombed.
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30. Hajiabad Missile Base
A base consisting of multiple tunnel entrances and fixed launch positions, some fortified with reinforced concrete.
Administrative buildings at the entrance to the base were bombed, fixed launch positions were destroyed, and tunnel entrances were collapsed.
A base consisting of multiple tunnel entrances and fixed launch positions, some fortified with reinforced concrete.
Administrative buildings at the entrance to the base were bombed, fixed launch positions were destroyed, and tunnel entrances were collapsed.
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31. Khorgo Missile Base
A base located north of Bandar Abbas, where fortified fixed launch positions were constructed alongside missile storage tunnels.
Missile checkout structures were struck, entrances were collapsed, and access routes to the base were disrupted.
A base located north of Bandar Abbas, where fortified fixed launch positions were constructed alongside missile storage tunnels.
Missile checkout structures were struck, entrances were collapsed, and access routes to the base were disrupted.
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32. Kerman Missile Base
A base in the Kerman region in southeastern Iran. A relatively small base with a limited number of above-ground structures and three entrances to a storage tunnel within the base complex.
The Missile checkout structure was damaged, the entrances were also struck, and several additional above-ground components were bombed.
A base in the Kerman region in southeastern Iran. A relatively small base with a limited number of above-ground structures and three entrances to a storage tunnel within the base complex.
The Missile checkout structure was damaged, the entrances were also struck, and several additional above-ground components were bombed.
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Moving on to the missile production industrial complexes:
1. Shahroud Military Industrial Complex
A large complex in northern Iran that has been expanded in recent years and was struck twice prior to operation "Epic Fury/Roaring Lion". It includes facilities supporting the production of various missile types.
Many components across the complex were damaged. Ammunition bunkers were also bombed. The strikes significantly disrupted the production process in Shahroud.
1. Shahroud Military Industrial Complex
A large complex in northern Iran that has been expanded in recent years and was struck twice prior to operation "Epic Fury/Roaring Lion". It includes facilities supporting the production of various missile types.
Many components across the complex were damaged. Ammunition bunkers were also bombed. The strikes significantly disrupted the production process in Shahroud.
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2. Khojir Military Industrial Complex
A complex located east of Tehran, including numerous factories producing various components for the ballistic weapons industry. These include facilities for producing engines for both solid and liquid-fuel missiles, as well as facilities for missile components assembly prior to their delivery to the operational level. It also includes an underground facility with multiple entrances.
The damage in the industrial complex is extensive. Numerous components across nearly every production area were struck, effectively disabling production lines for many months. The strikes in Khojir halted new missile production intended to replenish the operational missile inventory.
A complex located east of Tehran, including numerous factories producing various components for the ballistic weapons industry. These include facilities for producing engines for both solid and liquid-fuel missiles, as well as facilities for missile components assembly prior to their delivery to the operational level. It also includes an underground facility with multiple entrances.
The damage in the industrial complex is extensive. Numerous components across nearly every production area were struck, effectively disabling production lines for many months. The strikes in Khojir halted new missile production intended to replenish the operational missile inventory.
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3. Parchin Military Industrial Complex
A large MODAFL military industrial complex southeast of Tehran that includes numerous components for weapons production for various purposes. Among these are factories involved in the missile production array, specifically including warhead production.
Many facilities across the complex were bombed, resulting in the shutdown of the missile production lines along with other systems (such as nuclear related warhead production). Various production lines were damaged, and the supply of components to the missile production array is completely halted for the next several months.
A large MODAFL military industrial complex southeast of Tehran that includes numerous components for weapons production for various purposes. Among these are factories involved in the missile production array, specifically including warhead production.
Many facilities across the complex were bombed, resulting in the shutdown of the missile production lines along with other systems (such as nuclear related warhead production). Various production lines were damaged, and the supply of components to the missile production array is completely halted for the next several months.
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4. Raja Chemical industry
A production complex which, according to the IDF Spokesperson, is linked to the production of propulsion fuel for the ballistic missile program.
The facility was bombed, and several components were damaged.
A production complex which, according to the IDF Spokesperson, is linked to the production of propulsion fuel for the ballistic missile program.
The facility was bombed, and several components were damaged.
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5. Malard Military Industrial Complex
MODAFL weapons production complex that includes factories producing components for the ballistic missile program. It was struck back in June 2025 and partially restored.
Currently, many components were bombed in several sorties, disabling production lines within the complex
MODAFL weapons production complex that includes factories producing components for the ballistic missile program. It was struck back in June 2025 and partially restored.
Currently, many components were bombed in several sorties, disabling production lines within the complex
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It should be noted that beyond the sites listed above, many smaller facilities exist within civilian industrial zones across Iran, supplying materials for missile production. These were not covered due to scope limitations. The same applies to operational-level missile storage sites, which may be located in seemingly civilian structures across the country.
Operation "Epic Fury/Roaring Lion" left a significant impact on both arrays. Missile production within military industries is been halted for the next several months, preventing replenishment of depleted inventories. This situation will persist until Iran invests time and financial resources into rebuilding its production lines. (This is while their major sources of income were targeted as well - steel, petrochemicals etc.)
Both operation "Rising Lion" and operation "Epic Fury/Roaring Lion" demonstrated the absence of an effective Israeli/American strategic solution for dealing with reinforced underground infrastructures. While tunnel entrances were repeatedly collapsed following bombardment, Iranian forces consistently reopened them using engineering equipment in-between strike waves. This enabled the continued movement of launchers and missile stockpiles until entrances were collapsed again, creating a repetitive cycle.
The Fordow event represents a rare successful use of GBU-57 MOP bombs, though their availability is extremely limited. Additionally, their penetration capability is constrained, particularly against missile storage tunnels embedded in rock formations exceeding 100 meters in depth.
Therefore, the overall effect was largely limited to collapsing entrances and temporarily disrupting missile replenishment during combat operations.
Following the operation's conclusion, it was observed that Iranian forces immediately began reopening tunnels to assess inventory levels, estimated at approximately less than 1,500 missiles in bases oriented toward Israel (and several thousand more toward Gulf states). These reopenings also indicates the beginning of reconstruction efforts ahead of the next escalation cycle.
The achievements of the operation are significant. however, the campaign has not yet been concluded, and the threat remains. Nevertheless, Iran is aware that its strategic weapon reserves are diminishing, and it lacks the capacity to replenish them in the coming year.
Operation "Epic Fury/Roaring Lion" left a significant impact on both arrays. Missile production within military industries is been halted for the next several months, preventing replenishment of depleted inventories. This situation will persist until Iran invests time and financial resources into rebuilding its production lines. (This is while their major sources of income were targeted as well - steel, petrochemicals etc.)
Both operation "Rising Lion" and operation "Epic Fury/Roaring Lion" demonstrated the absence of an effective Israeli/American strategic solution for dealing with reinforced underground infrastructures. While tunnel entrances were repeatedly collapsed following bombardment, Iranian forces consistently reopened them using engineering equipment in-between strike waves. This enabled the continued movement of launchers and missile stockpiles until entrances were collapsed again, creating a repetitive cycle.
The Fordow event represents a rare successful use of GBU-57 MOP bombs, though their availability is extremely limited. Additionally, their penetration capability is constrained, particularly against missile storage tunnels embedded in rock formations exceeding 100 meters in depth.
Therefore, the overall effect was largely limited to collapsing entrances and temporarily disrupting missile replenishment during combat operations.
Following the operation's conclusion, it was observed that Iranian forces immediately began reopening tunnels to assess inventory levels, estimated at approximately less than 1,500 missiles in bases oriented toward Israel (and several thousand more toward Gulf states). These reopenings also indicates the beginning of reconstruction efforts ahead of the next escalation cycle.
The achievements of the operation are significant. however, the campaign has not yet been concluded, and the threat remains. Nevertheless, Iran is aware that its strategic weapon reserves are diminishing, and it lacks the capacity to replenish them in the coming year.