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🧵More selections from Edmond Demolins’ Anglo-Saxon Superiority🧵
This text was written by a French pedagogue in 1897 to try and nail down the causes of the unparalleled success of the Anglosphere.
Despite the connotations of the title, this is not a social Darwinist text. The author was a Catholic. It is a work of comparative, pre war social science and as such is completely anathema to current day sensibilities.
I’ve brushed up the language in places and gave context and comments where I thought needed. This is basically the book filtered through my head and condensed, it’s public domain anyways, so I will just go ahead and do things.
This text sheds light on many aspects of life in the Anglosphere that us natives don’t even notice or think twice about. This sort of self awareness is crucial to foster in our time of mass migration and globalization.



“No doubt social science does not appeal to an English mind in the same way as to a French one. To characterize this difference, I should say that a Frenchman seeks in it a rational system for the general direction of society; whereas an Englishman studies it with a view to improving his own practical conduct. These two attitudes are representative of the respective ‘formations’ of the two nations: we French are inclined to dabble in general ideas, they, Anglo Saxons, are disposed to practical applications.”

“For there is no other source of wealth than agriculture, industry, and commerce. We are too much given to forgetting that all other professions are but parasitical occupations, drawing the resources that feed them from the three essential callings I have just named.”
“I placed agriculture, industry and commerce at the base of the pyramid because these three commoner professions represent the essential work which procures the daily bread and upon which all other work depends. When these three essential professions suffer, the whole social body suffers; when they decay, the whole social body decays likewise, as is the case with the human body if it ceases to be nourished. A society may, if absolutely necessary, live on without barristers, journalists, solicitors, physicians, officials; but it cannot live on without the farmers who provide the food, nor without the manufacturers who fashion the objects of essential use; nor without the traders who distribute all indispensable goods in the spots where a demand exists.”
>These are simple, clarifying passages for our interconnected, specialized & globalized world.
“I placed agriculture, industry and commerce at the base of the pyramid because these three commoner professions represent the essential work which procures the daily bread and upon which all other work depends. When these three essential professions suffer, the whole social body suffers; when they decay, the whole social body decays likewise, as is the case with the human body if it ceases to be nourished. A society may, if absolutely necessary, live on without barristers, journalists, solicitors, physicians, officials; but it cannot live on without the farmers who provide the food, nor without the manufacturers who fashion the objects of essential use; nor without the traders who distribute all indispensable goods in the spots where a demand exists.”
>These are simple, clarifying passages for our interconnected, specialized & globalized world.



“In the past, everything tended, therefore, to assure stability and promote traditional methods. Hence an education directed towards stability, tradition, and the past, was perfectly adapted to the social necessities of those times. The results obtained were appreciated for a long period.
Social conditions are now reversed: production takes place in large workshops with the help of motors of enormous power, the clientele supplied is world-wide, and the demand almost unlimited. The methods of work are subjected to constant improvement, following the progress of science. Innovation takes everywhere the place of tradition. Men must be or ever ready to produce more, better, or cheaper, if they will hold their own against competition. Instead of a calm, jog-trot kind of existence, it is life intense and struggling. Moreover, there is no choice, no alternative ; the new conditions intrude themselves brutally and Now must be humoured.”
Social conditions are now reversed: production takes place in large workshops with the help of motors of enormous power, the clientele supplied is world-wide, and the demand almost unlimited. The methods of work are subjected to constant improvement, following the progress of science. Innovation takes everywhere the place of tradition. Men must be or ever ready to produce more, better, or cheaper, if they will hold their own against competition. Instead of a calm, jog-trot kind of existence, it is life intense and struggling. Moreover, there is no choice, no alternative ; the new conditions intrude themselves brutally and Now must be humoured.”

“The world is henceforth launched into a career of everlasting transformations, which cannot be stopped. This cuts us off definitely from the past, when things had some stability and even apparent fixity. The question is how to be prepared to make the best possible use of this evolution and guard against its temporary dangers. Between the man of the past and the man of the present, there is the same difference as between two soldiers: the one called to defend a citadel, the other sent to the front for defensive and offensive warfare. The difference is total and complete. And there is in all this no evil spirit or general cowardice, as is the gloomy refrain of blind fault-finders; there is a novel material situation for humanity, ordained by Providence, which gave man the progressive science of Nature. It is for man to accommodate himself to such progress, not only in his own interest, but also as a matter of duty.”

“In the old social system the individual is sustained less by himself, his own will and initiative, than by the protective framework of society, whether it take the form of family, school, regiment, office, or the State itself. The props that sustain him in his traditions and beliefs — political, social, or religious — are held up from outside, and there is no interior foundation for them. In other words, the individual acts or thinks in such or such a fashion only because everybody else in his little world acts and thinks in the same fashion. Consequently this is what follows. As soon as the protective framework happens to subside…the man breaks down. In the old society, the domestic, political, or social framework was sufficiently strong and rigid to uphold even enfeebled individuals like those decrepit houses which are only kept standing by the help of others on either side. Lookout, however, when the props are removed!”

“The great peril, the great rivalry, are on the other side of the Channel, and on the other side of the Atlantic; they are wherever is to be found an Anglo-Saxon pioneer, an Anglo-Saxon settler or squatter. The man is not much considered, because he does not come like the German, along with big battalions and perfected weapons; he is despised because he arrives with his plough and by himself. This comes from our being ignorant of what that plough is worth and what that man is worth. When once we know that, we shall know where the danger is, and at the same time where the remedy lies.”
>this passage goes HARD
>this passage goes HARD

“Agriculture should be considered as the base. It is more essential to the nation than industry and commerce, not only because it provides men with food, but because it is the most stable of all professions. It is as stable as the very soil, It is not,l like industry and commerce, subject to sudden changes. At any rate, this stability makes of agriculture a strong base for a society; it forms a substratum population firmly attached to the soil and traditions of a country. It brings forth elements of order and duration.”
“Among the Anglo-Saxons, agriculture has been abandoned neither by the upper classes nor by the mass of the nation. The English lords own vast estates and reside there; when they do not cultivate the whole of their lands, they always farm at least a part themselves. In this way they remain well posted in all agricultural matters. A French landowner can hardly believe what amount of money a great English landlord is willing to embark in agricultural improvements. This use of wealth is the principal title of an English gentleman to public consideration.!”
“Among the Anglo-Saxons, agriculture has been abandoned neither by the upper classes nor by the mass of the nation. The English lords own vast estates and reside there; when they do not cultivate the whole of their lands, they always farm at least a part themselves. In this way they remain well posted in all agricultural matters. A French landowner can hardly believe what amount of money a great English landlord is willing to embark in agricultural improvements. This use of wealth is the principal title of an English gentleman to public consideration.!”

“What else is done by the English emigrants to the United States, to Australia, New Zealand, etc.,but building up rural estates? To own a rural estate and run it, is their proudest ambition; that is why they become colonists, settlers and squatters. A very great many young Englishmen thus go abroad every year, and when a man finds such employment for his spare money, there is not much left for Stock Exchange investments.The few Frenchmen, on the contrary, who go abroad, do so generally in an official capacity, and do a good deal more harm than good to the cause of colonization.”
>every Anglo man’s home is his castle AND he must be sheriff of his own lands
>every Anglo man’s home is his castle AND he must be sheriff of his own lands

>Demolins basically uses the word communistic instead of collectivist to point to a particular, insular ethos that Spengler also noticed Anglos lacked. Just keep that in mind.
“The English aristocracy is evidently not a product of the Anglo-Saxon social state. Societies of Particularistic formation do not produce such an institution. No hereditary superior class is to be found among any peoples of this type, if pure and isolated from foreign influence, as in Norway and certain parts of the Saxony plains. There the land-owning farmer has maintained himself without admixture of another class. Neither is there any hereditary aristocracy forming in new countries where the Anglo-Saxon type prevails, such as the United States, Australia, New Zealand, etc.”
“…what the English sum up in these two phrases: Self-help and the Struggle for Life, no doubt the English aristocracy, with their primogeniture and law of entail, rest on a totally different basis; their principles are those of Communistic races, namely, the establishing of the firstborn with the assistance of the family group, an arrangement which reduces to a minimum the activity required of the young man, and dispenses with the need of helping himself or struggling in any way for existence. The eldest child in the English aristocracy is placed under a Communistic rigime. Whence comes English hereditary aristocracy? It was imported from outside. It hailed from the Continent and came with William the Conqueror.”
>Bloody Normans!
“The English aristocracy is evidently not a product of the Anglo-Saxon social state. Societies of Particularistic formation do not produce such an institution. No hereditary superior class is to be found among any peoples of this type, if pure and isolated from foreign influence, as in Norway and certain parts of the Saxony plains. There the land-owning farmer has maintained himself without admixture of another class. Neither is there any hereditary aristocracy forming in new countries where the Anglo-Saxon type prevails, such as the United States, Australia, New Zealand, etc.”
“…what the English sum up in these two phrases: Self-help and the Struggle for Life, no doubt the English aristocracy, with their primogeniture and law of entail, rest on a totally different basis; their principles are those of Communistic races, namely, the establishing of the firstborn with the assistance of the family group, an arrangement which reduces to a minimum the activity required of the young man, and dispenses with the need of helping himself or struggling in any way for existence. The eldest child in the English aristocracy is placed under a Communistic rigime. Whence comes English hereditary aristocracy? It was imported from outside. It hailed from the Continent and came with William the Conqueror.”
>Bloody Normans!


“We now know that the Norman conquerors belonged to the Communistic formation; they were recruited in a good many places, with promises of booty which attracted into their ranks disreputable men, mostly outcasts, or men who had nothing to attach them to the soil. The history of the establishment of the Normans in England is well known. They simply placed themselves above the population and shared the great estates, the best lands - but without fixing themselves firmly to the soil after the Saxon fashion. The Saxon, oppressed by the Norman, went on tilling the ground for the latter. The struggle between Norman and Saxon is really a struggle between two absolutely opposite social formations. The particularity Saxons and the Communistic Normans”
“If the Normans did not plant themselves firmly in the soil, they at least planted themselves as deeply as they could in the essentially Communistic system of an hereditary aristocracy. This system is still extant and it can be said that it has succeeded in grievously deforming for centuries the Anglo-Saxon or Particularistic type in England. Regardless: the English at last obtained self-government, an essentially Particularistic boon, at the very moment when France, a prey again to the Communistic State formation, was meeting with autocracy at the hands of Louis XIV.”
“But there has remained in England something of a Norman excrescence: the hereditary aristocracy. This, like the monarchy, has been reduced to merely an honorary condition, except for a few political prerogatives such as recruiting the Upper House. This privilege has not yet been seriously contested because the people have found in it hitherto more advantages than otherwise.
“Thus the practice of self-government has had as a result the removal from the English nobility of all objectionable or troublesome privileges. Although the hereditary nobility in England is an imported l article, it has nevertheless exerted very real influence. Upon the whole, its influence has been more noxious than useful.”
“If the Normans did not plant themselves firmly in the soil, they at least planted themselves as deeply as they could in the essentially Communistic system of an hereditary aristocracy. This system is still extant and it can be said that it has succeeded in grievously deforming for centuries the Anglo-Saxon or Particularistic type in England. Regardless: the English at last obtained self-government, an essentially Particularistic boon, at the very moment when France, a prey again to the Communistic State formation, was meeting with autocracy at the hands of Louis XIV.”
“But there has remained in England something of a Norman excrescence: the hereditary aristocracy. This, like the monarchy, has been reduced to merely an honorary condition, except for a few political prerogatives such as recruiting the Upper House. This privilege has not yet been seriously contested because the people have found in it hitherto more advantages than otherwise.
“Thus the practice of self-government has had as a result the removal from the English nobility of all objectionable or troublesome privileges. Although the hereditary nobility in England is an imported l article, it has nevertheless exerted very real influence. Upon the whole, its influence has been more noxious than useful.”



“The particularistic formation rests essentially on the idea that a man has no value but his own individual value enhanced by his power of work, energy, and perseverance, and that a man's place in the social scale is determined by his possession of these qualities. The introduction of an heredi- tary superior class has grafted on to this the Communistic notion that a man has independently of himself a value derived from his family, group, or a clan. This is a serious deformity, modification in the very basis of the social type.”
“ The average Englishman who partakes of a Particularistic origin is naturally inclined to adopt a lucrative profession. He is naturally drawn towards business from the necessity in which all young people find themselves, of creating for themselves a situation instead of relying for it on paternal finances or a wife's dowry. Moreover, he is drawn in that direction by the very business capacity which is developed even from childhood by the certain prospect of such a necessity. When this tendency is once well understood, we can easily find out what kind of advantages the English could appreciate in the hereditary nobility enforced upon them: they shrewdly saw a chance of causing to be fulfilled by others the unavoidable functions of politics, which they have no particular fascination for themselves. There is no doubt whatsoever that their aristocracy has furnished them generations of superior politicians. On the other hand, this aristocracy has not been, at least for the last hundred years or so, very troublesome, thanks to the stout and continuous resistance of the Particularistic/Saxon spirit.”
“ The average Englishman who partakes of a Particularistic origin is naturally inclined to adopt a lucrative profession. He is naturally drawn towards business from the necessity in which all young people find themselves, of creating for themselves a situation instead of relying for it on paternal finances or a wife's dowry. Moreover, he is drawn in that direction by the very business capacity which is developed even from childhood by the certain prospect of such a necessity. When this tendency is once well understood, we can easily find out what kind of advantages the English could appreciate in the hereditary nobility enforced upon them: they shrewdly saw a chance of causing to be fulfilled by others the unavoidable functions of politics, which they have no particular fascination for themselves. There is no doubt whatsoever that their aristocracy has furnished them generations of superior politicians. On the other hand, this aristocracy has not been, at least for the last hundred years or so, very troublesome, thanks to the stout and continuous resistance of the Particularistic/Saxon spirit.”

“There would not result any lack of a superior class in England, as the Particularistic type does produce such an organism although in different conditions. In fact, this organism exists in England, and has never ceased to be at work; it is represented by the gentleman. The gentleman differs from the lord or the noble in this: his position is not hereditary but purely personal; not consecrated by the public powers, but by opinion. People will say: " so-and-so is or is not, a gentleman and by this qualification is implied an ensemble of qualities and virtues which can hardly be defined, but which I fancy could be summed up in the English word "respectability." There are gentlemen in all walks of life; but public opinion often refuses this title to a man of high birth whose life lacks dignity. The gentleman is the Saxon form of a superior class, as the noble is the Norman form.”
“Amongst us, a man's social status is determined by his trade or profession like the Hindus, who are also divided into castes, we profess to believe that there are pure and impure callings, callings which are genteel and callings which are not. The army, the liberal professions, the Administration, belong to the former; the latter comprise industry and commerce, and, we may add, agriculture, whose practice we leave to our farmers or managers. We do not see many ‘society’ young men going in for colonizing work. Thus the spirit of caste, of which snobbery is but a ridiculous manifestation, is strengthened in us by the exclusive exercise of some professions and the repugnance to others, which draws a definite line between the castes and at the same time labels each. This line of demarcation does not exist, or at least is dying out in the Anglo-Saxon world. In the United States, where the Particularistic form is more free from any Norman influence, this division of trades and professions has almost entirely disappeared and a man's value is estimated chiefly in initiative, in proportion to his energy, endurance, and power. This is a consequence of the extraordinary impulse given to the commoner professions by the rise of larger industries and the increased rapidity of transport- which themselves are consequent upon the discovery of coal
mines.This new state of things, whose rapid event made the Communistic societies giddy, gave on the contrary, a tremendous impulse to the Particularistic societies, which were prepared to adapt themselves to the new conditions.”
“Amongst us, a man's social status is determined by his trade or profession like the Hindus, who are also divided into castes, we profess to believe that there are pure and impure callings, callings which are genteel and callings which are not. The army, the liberal professions, the Administration, belong to the former; the latter comprise industry and commerce, and, we may add, agriculture, whose practice we leave to our farmers or managers. We do not see many ‘society’ young men going in for colonizing work. Thus the spirit of caste, of which snobbery is but a ridiculous manifestation, is strengthened in us by the exclusive exercise of some professions and the repugnance to others, which draws a definite line between the castes and at the same time labels each. This line of demarcation does not exist, or at least is dying out in the Anglo-Saxon world. In the United States, where the Particularistic form is more free from any Norman influence, this division of trades and professions has almost entirely disappeared and a man's value is estimated chiefly in initiative, in proportion to his energy, endurance, and power. This is a consequence of the extraordinary impulse given to the commoner professions by the rise of larger industries and the increased rapidity of transport- which themselves are consequent upon the discovery of coal
mines.This new state of things, whose rapid event made the Communistic societies giddy, gave on the contrary, a tremendous impulse to the Particularistic societies, which were prepared to adapt themselves to the new conditions.”

“Thus England, long hindered and somewhat smothered by the traditions and institutions imported by the Norman invaders is gradually taking possession of herself again and returning to her Anglo Saxon social constitution, to her Particularistic formation. Nothing henceforth can stop this unavoidable evolution. And if you would see where this evolution leads to, consider the American society in the United States where the Anglo-Saxon type is now reforming in all its purity and power, thanks to the large extent of territories opened to individual enterprise, thanks also to the absence of an hereditary superior class imposed on the people by conquest.”


“In Great Britain, we come across specimens of the whole series of social types, from the pure Celt of the Scottish Highlands or of Ireland, to the Saxon of the South and Midlands with all the intermediate varieties. How interesting it would be to be able to classify them in series, so as to determine the different stages of the evolution of a Communistic Celt into a Particularistic Saxon! Great Britain is indeed like a gigantic still in which, by a process of continuous distillation, the Celts are being gradually Saxonized in virtue of this law: that when two social types are brought together, the more resisting tends to assimilate the other. Here, the more resisting, stubborn and therefore dominant type is undoubtedly the Saxon.”




“The influence of a proper dwelling is most powerful, being exercised, as it is, over the most intimate portion of a man's life, and being of a permanent effect.”
“In societies of a Communistic formation, the idea of home is represented by a property - whether dwelling or estate, and a group of persons, which includes relatives, friends, and neighbours. The people are attached most to the place and the persons; more so because in their social state they are inclined to lean on things and persons rather than on self. There is a popular saying in Auvergne and in the Pyrenees which goes: " The house must go on smoking." Indeed,to keep the chimney-pot smoking, they are capable of any sacrifice. The younger sons accept reductions in their lawful shares of the patrimony; uncles and aunts remain single in order not to prevent the chosen heir preserving the house and estate where perhaps they shall be granted shelter and where at any rate they may find help. Upon the whole, their idea of home seems connected with such a house, such and such a particular place- which explains the hardship they experience in having to leave it: they seem attached to the soil and to the very stones. Hence the strong love of those peasants for the paternal house and the family property, hence their desire to preserve it and transmit it from generation to generation.”
“But -mark this well: in this traditional home, on this family property, Communistic populations seek or find little comfort. Nothing could be more striking for the close observer than the contrast between the extraordinary stability of the home and the very rudimentary character of their installations. Enter the home of a Russian peasant or that of a Bulgarian, an Auvergnat, a Pyrenean, a Provencal, or a Breton, and question the man. Nine times out of ten he will tell you that his family has occupied the house for generations. Here is the stability of a home with a vengeance! Indeed, the man loves his home with a love that cannot be uprooted. But look at the interior of the house. Why, it is like an encampment. So these people, who are so fond of their homes, do not seem to care for comfort within”
“In societies of a Communistic formation, the idea of home is represented by a property - whether dwelling or estate, and a group of persons, which includes relatives, friends, and neighbours. The people are attached most to the place and the persons; more so because in their social state they are inclined to lean on things and persons rather than on self. There is a popular saying in Auvergne and in the Pyrenees which goes: " The house must go on smoking." Indeed,to keep the chimney-pot smoking, they are capable of any sacrifice. The younger sons accept reductions in their lawful shares of the patrimony; uncles and aunts remain single in order not to prevent the chosen heir preserving the house and estate where perhaps they shall be granted shelter and where at any rate they may find help. Upon the whole, their idea of home seems connected with such a house, such and such a particular place- which explains the hardship they experience in having to leave it: they seem attached to the soil and to the very stones. Hence the strong love of those peasants for the paternal house and the family property, hence their desire to preserve it and transmit it from generation to generation.”
“But -mark this well: in this traditional home, on this family property, Communistic populations seek or find little comfort. Nothing could be more striking for the close observer than the contrast between the extraordinary stability of the home and the very rudimentary character of their installations. Enter the home of a Russian peasant or that of a Bulgarian, an Auvergnat, a Pyrenean, a Provencal, or a Breton, and question the man. Nine times out of ten he will tell you that his family has occupied the house for generations. Here is the stability of a home with a vengeance! Indeed, the man loves his home with a love that cannot be uprooted. But look at the interior of the house. Why, it is like an encampment. So these people, who are so fond of their homes, do not seem to care for comfort within”

“There are two kinds of stability: one material, and the other moral; the first is much more important than the other.”
“Comfort in the home is the first consideration developed by the Particularistic Saxon formation. That is because man here does not lean on the community, on his family or circle of connections; he relies on himself alone, and provides a home for himself. He settles himself -he does not camp. He gives less to out-of-door life and more to home life. He has a way of looking upon his home as the citadel of his independence. He names it by a name which expresses much more than his house, and which, as it has no equivalent in French, I cannot translate: Home.”
“Communists are deeply attached to the family dwelling; their stay-at- home propensities are natural enough when we think that they draw the greater part of their strength from that material framework. The Particularist, on the contrary, finds it extremely easy to change his surroundings. He shows no hesitation, when opportunity offers of bettering his position, in changing his residence, even from one end of the world to the other. That is because he looks more to the future than to the past, because he relies more on his own individual enterprise than on any traditional or family institutions. Indeed, his origin is responsible for the little country house in which he lives, for man is less held by a small dwelling than by a large one: he is master of the house, not the house his master. He is not attached to the stones, nor the stones to him.”
“Populations accustomed to simplicity of living and to scanty accommodation in their homes are satisfied with little; small profits are good enough for them. Their ambition is limited and easily contented. Mediocrity, not necessarily golden, is the fashion among them. Not so here. A more ornate way of living, a certain fastidiousness in the appointment of his home provoke the man to exert himself and keep him up to it.”
>Shoutout to @extradeadjcb for that all time banger tweet
“Comfort in the home is the first consideration developed by the Particularistic Saxon formation. That is because man here does not lean on the community, on his family or circle of connections; he relies on himself alone, and provides a home for himself. He settles himself -he does not camp. He gives less to out-of-door life and more to home life. He has a way of looking upon his home as the citadel of his independence. He names it by a name which expresses much more than his house, and which, as it has no equivalent in French, I cannot translate: Home.”
“Communists are deeply attached to the family dwelling; their stay-at- home propensities are natural enough when we think that they draw the greater part of their strength from that material framework. The Particularist, on the contrary, finds it extremely easy to change his surroundings. He shows no hesitation, when opportunity offers of bettering his position, in changing his residence, even from one end of the world to the other. That is because he looks more to the future than to the past, because he relies more on his own individual enterprise than on any traditional or family institutions. Indeed, his origin is responsible for the little country house in which he lives, for man is less held by a small dwelling than by a large one: he is master of the house, not the house his master. He is not attached to the stones, nor the stones to him.”
“Populations accustomed to simplicity of living and to scanty accommodation in their homes are satisfied with little; small profits are good enough for them. Their ambition is limited and easily contented. Mediocrity, not necessarily golden, is the fashion among them. Not so here. A more ornate way of living, a certain fastidiousness in the appointment of his home provoke the man to exert himself and keep him up to it.”
>Shoutout to @extradeadjcb for that all time banger tweet


“It might be supposed that, lawyers being in the habit of discussing the law, are the more fit to make laws. It is true that they know, professionally, the long series of our laws and the numerous systems which lawyers' interpretations have created. So far, they bring a useful element into Parliament. Unfortunately, they cannot help having a lawyer's inclination to place the purely theoretical aspect of the law before the public interests, which escape their handling. Living as they do amidst texts of law, they are inclined to look upon them as a general panacea; they are naturally tempted to believe that human societies are led with laws - plenty of them and thus minimize the importance of the spontaneous force of private life and of all useful callings. It is this professional tendency which made lawyers formerly the most active instruments of royal absolutism against individual and local freedom. The lawyers, even in this century, on the Right as on the Left, were the most indefatigable adepts of political centralization. They intruded everywhere with the heavy hand of the State - although they knew well how to protest when that hand was at the service of their adversaries. They are chiefly responsible for the development of the French bureaucracy, which ruins our finances and sterilizes every initiative on the part of individuals.”
“Happy are the nations which, supported by their natural representatives, find the just measure in which to represent the different social elements”
“Happy are the nations which, supported by their natural representatives, find the just measure in which to represent the different social elements”



“Of all the Western nations, the Anglo Saxon is by far the most Particularistic, the one farthest from the Communistic formation. It is the Anglo Saxon element which has developed to the highest degree individual initiative and has restricted within the narrowest limits the action of the public powers, the intervention of the State.”
“The more a man obeys an inclination to rely on help from others, from the community or the State, the less is his force of initiative developed, the less is he inclined to exert himself personally to make a livelihood. On the other hand, the more he is expected to rely on himself alone and his personal work, the more is his force of initiative developed, the more is he inclined to exert himself, not with the mere end of making a living but also of rising higher and higher. The regime of Communism places man in a general situation which may be likened to that of administrative clerks or officials - and we know that such situations do not develop the working power, for the good reason that they deaden any personal interest in the result of the work. If, therefore, such a rigime be extended to a whole society, its effects are multiplied, owing to its generality; if it be practised by many consecutive generations, the effects are bound to be more accentuated, owing to the continuity of the rigime. The working power decreases by a certain quantity at the first generation, by a somewhat larger quantity at the second generation, and so on - until we get to the indolence of the Oriental, who reduces exertion to what is strictly necessary for avoiding starvation.”
“This is what a historian of Socialism writes : " There is no country in Europe where the workmen have done more towards improving their material condition than England. There have the workmen's funds, assurances, and co-operative societies been multiplied : their Trades Unions systems have made them capitalists. But all this has been done outside Socialism, and without any pretensions to changing the present system of society." They have done all that without allowing themselves to be taken in hand by leaders or politician - and that is what the leaders cannot forgive them. To appreciate all that the Anglo Saxon workmen have succeeded in doing for themselves in England and in America, through their own exertion and initiative without claiming - or even accepting - the aid of the State.”
“The Future undoubtedly is for the nations which have been successful in freeing themselves of Communistic tendencies. It would be wise indeed to realize this truth, instead of wasting time in seeking a solution on old played-out lines the impotence of which had already been recognized in the time of the Pharaohs, and which nowadays is chiefly advocated by the most State-ridden nations in the Western world”
“The more a man obeys an inclination to rely on help from others, from the community or the State, the less is his force of initiative developed, the less is he inclined to exert himself personally to make a livelihood. On the other hand, the more he is expected to rely on himself alone and his personal work, the more is his force of initiative developed, the more is he inclined to exert himself, not with the mere end of making a living but also of rising higher and higher. The regime of Communism places man in a general situation which may be likened to that of administrative clerks or officials - and we know that such situations do not develop the working power, for the good reason that they deaden any personal interest in the result of the work. If, therefore, such a rigime be extended to a whole society, its effects are multiplied, owing to its generality; if it be practised by many consecutive generations, the effects are bound to be more accentuated, owing to the continuity of the rigime. The working power decreases by a certain quantity at the first generation, by a somewhat larger quantity at the second generation, and so on - until we get to the indolence of the Oriental, who reduces exertion to what is strictly necessary for avoiding starvation.”
“This is what a historian of Socialism writes : " There is no country in Europe where the workmen have done more towards improving their material condition than England. There have the workmen's funds, assurances, and co-operative societies been multiplied : their Trades Unions systems have made them capitalists. But all this has been done outside Socialism, and without any pretensions to changing the present system of society." They have done all that without allowing themselves to be taken in hand by leaders or politician - and that is what the leaders cannot forgive them. To appreciate all that the Anglo Saxon workmen have succeeded in doing for themselves in England and in America, through their own exertion and initiative without claiming - or even accepting - the aid of the State.”
“The Future undoubtedly is for the nations which have been successful in freeing themselves of Communistic tendencies. It would be wise indeed to realize this truth, instead of wasting time in seeking a solution on old played-out lines the impotence of which had already been recognized in the time of the Pharaohs, and which nowadays is chiefly advocated by the most State-ridden nations in the Western world”


“Patriotism attains very different and unequal developments in various human societies and is in different places the result of various causes. We can at least recognize four distinct varieties, which may thus be labelled: Patriotism founded on religious feeling; Patriotism founded on commercial competition; State Patriotism, founded on political ambition ; lastly, Patriotism founded on the independence of private life.”




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